Minerva

A Systematic Review of Barriers and Solutions in Teacher Training in Artificial Intelligence

Edwin Julio Colonia Villarreal — 2026-05-08

This systematic review analyzed the main barriers and solutions related to teacher training in artificial intelligence in higher education. Following the \textit{PRISMA} protocol, 428 records were identified in \textit{Scopus}, \textit{Web of Science}, \textit{ERIC}, and \textit{ScienceDirect}, from which 18 studies of high methodological quality were finally selected. The findings revealed technological, pedagogical, organizational, and ethical barriers, with particular emphasis on insufficient digital infrastructure, the lack of specific didactic strategies, and limited institutional governance. The most effective solutions included communities of practice, continuing professional development, teacher mentoring, and sustainable institutional policies. The review concludes that the integration of AI in higher education requires a systemic transformation of universities, rather than isolated technical training alone.

Customs Digitalization as a Competitiveness Strategy in Foreign Trade

Xiomara Mariana Gamarra Pagan — 2026-05-26

Customs digitalization has become a strategic factor for enhancing operational efficiency and strengthening competitiveness in foreign trade. This study analyzes its implementation in the Peruvian context through a qualitative, descriptive, and analytical approach, based on a systematic review of specialized scientific literature. The documentary selection followed the PRISMA method and enabled the examination of contributions related to single window systems, risk management, interoperability, document automation, and emerging technologies applied to customs operations. The findings show that these tools contribute to accelerating customs clearance, improving traceability, reducing administrative burdens, and increasing institutional transparency. Likewise, barriers associated with technological infrastructure, interinstitutional coordination, staff training, digital security, and regulatory updating were identified. The study proposes a strategic model aimed at modernizing Peruvian customs management and strengthening its competitiveness in relation to international standards.

Sustainable Development Strategies for Equality and Poverty Reduction in Rural Areas of Peru

Jose Calizaya Lopez — 2026-05-15

This study analyzed the impact of sustainable development strategies on poverty reduction and territorial equality in rural areas of Peru, using a quantitative approach with a non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational-explanatory design. The sample consisted of 368 rural households distributed across Arequipa, Moquegua, and Puno, in Perú. The results revealed a positive and significant relationship between sustainable strategies and poverty reduction, highlighting community participation, sustainable production, and infrastructure as the most influential dimensions. Additionally, relevant territorial differences were identified, along with a limited impact of financial inclusion and productive innovation when not integrated into comprehensive policies. The study concludes that sustainable development represents an effective mechanism for improving living conditions in rural contexts, provided it is implemented through multidimensional approaches tailored to territorial characteristics.

Citizen participation strategies for the right to suffrage

Felicita Sugheyes Llontop Guzman — 2026-05-05

The research analyzes the state of the art regarding citizen participation strategies aimed at strengthening the right to suffrage in rural areas. A systematic theoretical review was conducted using 24 articles selected from the Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO databases (2020--2025). The results made it possible to identify geographical, digital, and institutional barriers, as well as effective strategies based on electoral decentralization, intercultural civic education, and community articulation. It is concluded that strengthening rural suffrage requires an integral territorial approach that combines information, accessibility, and institutional trust.

Digital transformation and customer satisfaction: a correlational analysis in a financial institution

Maria Villarreyes-Juarez — 2026-05-22

The study established the relationship between digital transformation and customer satisfaction in a financial institution. It adopted a quantitative approach, a non-experimental cross-sectional design, and a correlational scope. The sample consisted of 299 customers, selected through probability sampling, with the survey used as the data collection technique. The results showed a positive and significant relationship, although of low intensity (Rho = 0.265; p < 0.01). It is concluded that digitalization is positively associated with customer satisfaction, but its effect is conditioned by organizational, strategic, and operational factors