Keywords
effective strategies
systematic review
student learning
How to Cite
Abstract
Online education has evolved from being a complementary option to becoming a central pillar in contemporary educational systems. However, its effectiveness depends on the implementation of sound pedagogical strategies. This study presents a systematic literature review following the PRISMA protocol, analyzing articles published between 2018 and 2023 in indexed databases. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 44 empirical and experimental studies were selected. The results reveal three main trends: (1) adaptive platforms enhance individualized learning processes, (2) gamification and collaborative activities are essential for motivation, and (3) flexible self-regulated learning is crucial in higher education. In addition, it was observed that assessment metrics require mixed indicators (performance, participation, satisfaction, and perceived self-efficacy). The evidence suggests that online education demands integrative pedagogical approaches capable of addressing the diverse needs of the digital learner.
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