Resumen
En este trabajo se realizó una revisión documental para conocer las nuevas metodologías educativas que contribuyen al aprendizaje significativo en comprensión lectora. Para ello, se han analizado un conjunto de documentos académicos regionales e internacionales, publicados en diferentes escenarios del mundo, que se han considerado un enfoque y aporte relevante para este trabajo. Además, se han explorado las teorías de Ausubel y Schunk para contrastar las mejores herramientas a considerar para formular nuevas propuestas educativas que contribuyan a mejorar la comprensión lectora de los niños de primaria. Los principales resultados muestran que una combinación metodológica es la más adecuada para argumentar una nueva propuesta que mejore la comprensión lectora y permita un aprendizaje significativo y duradero.
Citas
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[11] A. Soufghalem, "The Role of Technology in Enhancing Digital Literacy Skills Among Secondary School Students," International Journal of Post Axial: Futuristic Teaching and Learning, pp. 203-214, 2024.
[12] G. Huesca Juárez, A. Rodríguez Rosales, V. Lara Prieto, M. I. Ruiz Cantisani, and J. Acevedo Mascarúa, "Effectiveness of challenge-based learning in undergraduate engineering programs from competencies and gender perspectives," Educ. Sci., vol. 14, p. 255, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14030255.
[13] A. Gunter and G. Polidori, "STEM Graduation Trends and Educational Reforms: Analyzing Factors and Enhancing Support," American Journal of STEM Education, 2024.
[14] L. Yu and Z. M. Zin, "The critical thinking-oriented adaptations of problem-based learning models: a systematic review," *Front. Educ.*, vol. 8, May 2023. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1139987.
[15] R. Girdzijauskienė, A. Norvilienė, G. Šmitienė, and L. Rupšienė, "Strengthening student engagement in learning through use of digital tools," *Acta Paedagogica Vilnensia*, vol. 49, pp. 115-130, 2022.
[16] M. Husni et al., "Implementation of innovative learning strategies to improve children's basic skills in Raudhatul Athfal Karang Jetak Cisait, Kragilan District, in Serang Regency," *International Journal of Engagement and Empowerment (IJE2)*, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 239-247, 2024.
[17] R. P. Pertiwi, W. Wasino, W. Sumarni, and T. Trimurtini, "Analysis of teaching methods in the classroom inclusive for increase student science literacy elementary school," in *International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology*, vol. 10, pp. 60-63, 2024.
[18] M. F. Alpat and E. Görgülü, "Transformative learning: Flipped classroom and its impact on writing skill and critical thinking level," *Open Praxis*, vol. 16, no. 3, 2024.
[19] M. Kandemir and Y. Bay, "The effect of using digital stories in primary school language lessons on 4th-grade students' reading comprehension skills," *Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International*, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 339-358, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.18039/ajesi.1279028.
[20] V. Maldonado-Garcés et al., "Design of a serious game for the improvement of reading comprehension through the IPLUS methodology," in *Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2023): Integrating People and Intelligent Systems*, vol. 69, 2023.
[2] D. P. Ausubel, Educational psychology: A cognitive view. Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1968.
[3] S. M. M. Loyens, J. Magda, and R. M. J. P. Rikers, "Self-directed learning in problem-based learning and its relationships with self-regulated learning," Educational Psychology Review, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 411-427, 2008.
[4] D. W. Johnson and R. T. Johnson, "Cooperative learning and social interdependence theory," in Theory and research on group dynamics, G. C. W. Ames and M. W. Neal, Eds., 2017, pp. 9-35.
[5] P. Freire, Pedagogía del oprimido. Siglo XXI Editores, 1970.
[6] E. D. Hirsch, "Enfoques para la Educación del Mañana," Estudios Públicos, no. 75, 1999.
[7] G. Lindqvist. “Vygotsky's theory of creativity” Creativity research journal, 15(2-3), 245-251. 2003
[8] R. E. Wulansari et al., "Know-Need-Do-Problem Based Learning (KND-PBL) in programming course: Is it effective?," in AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 3199, no. 1, AIP Publishing, 2024, p. 020016. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0217176.
[9] J. Gong, S. Cai, and M. Cheng, "Exploring the effectiveness of flipped classroom on STEM student achievement: A meta-analysis," Technology, Knowledge and Learning, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 1129-1150, 2024.
[10] N. Kunacheva, B. Niyomves, and S. Kenaphoom, "Innovative Strategies and Future Trends: The Next Paradigm of Education Management," in Modern Management Science Practices in the Age of AI, IGI Global, 2024, pp. 181-210.
[11] A. Soufghalem, "The Role of Technology in Enhancing Digital Literacy Skills Among Secondary School Students," International Journal of Post Axial: Futuristic Teaching and Learning, pp. 203-214, 2024.
[12] G. Huesca Juárez, A. Rodríguez Rosales, V. Lara Prieto, M. I. Ruiz Cantisani, and J. Acevedo Mascarúa, "Effectiveness of challenge-based learning in undergraduate engineering programs from competencies and gender perspectives," Educ. Sci., vol. 14, p. 255, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14030255.
[13] A. Gunter and G. Polidori, "STEM Graduation Trends and Educational Reforms: Analyzing Factors and Enhancing Support," American Journal of STEM Education, 2024.
[14] L. Yu and Z. M. Zin, "The critical thinking-oriented adaptations of problem-based learning models: a systematic review," *Front. Educ.*, vol. 8, May 2023. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1139987.
[15] R. Girdzijauskienė, A. Norvilienė, G. Šmitienė, and L. Rupšienė, "Strengthening student engagement in learning through use of digital tools," *Acta Paedagogica Vilnensia*, vol. 49, pp. 115-130, 2022.
[16] M. Husni et al., "Implementation of innovative learning strategies to improve children's basic skills in Raudhatul Athfal Karang Jetak Cisait, Kragilan District, in Serang Regency," *International Journal of Engagement and Empowerment (IJE2)*, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 239-247, 2024.
[17] R. P. Pertiwi, W. Wasino, W. Sumarni, and T. Trimurtini, "Analysis of teaching methods in the classroom inclusive for increase student science literacy elementary school," in *International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology*, vol. 10, pp. 60-63, 2024.
[18] M. F. Alpat and E. Görgülü, "Transformative learning: Flipped classroom and its impact on writing skill and critical thinking level," *Open Praxis*, vol. 16, no. 3, 2024.
[19] M. Kandemir and Y. Bay, "The effect of using digital stories in primary school language lessons on 4th-grade students' reading comprehension skills," *Anadolu Journal of Educational Sciences International*, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 339-358, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.18039/ajesi.1279028.
[20] V. Maldonado-Garcés et al., "Design of a serious game for the improvement of reading comprehension through the IPLUS methodology," in *Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2023): Integrating People and Intelligent Systems*, vol. 69, 2023.
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