Resumen
Este artículo presenta una revisión sistemática sobre el efecto de materiales cementantes suplementarios naturales e industriales, incluyendo escoria granulada de alto horno (GGBS), humo de sílice, ceniza volcánica, zeolita natural y diatomita, en las propiedades físicas, mecánicas y de durabilidad del concreto. A partir del análisis de estudios publicados entre 2021 y 2025, se identificaron patrones consistentes de refinamiento microestructural, reducción de permeabilidad y mejora en la resistencia frente a agentes agresivos. Los resultados muestran que el desempeño depende del tipo de insumo, su finura, el rango de reemplazo y las condiciones de curado. La evidencia sugiere que la mejora en durabilidad responde a la interacción entre reacción puzolánica y efecto filler. Esta síntesis contribuye a orientar el diseño de concretos sostenibles basados en desempeño y a fortalecer criterios técnicos alineados con los desafíos ambientales contemporáneos.
Citas
[1] J. Ahmad, K. Kontoleon, A. Majdi, M. Naqash, A. Deifalla, B. Kahla, H. Isleem, and S. Qaidi, “A comprehensive review on the ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) in concrete production,” Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 14, 2022, Art. no. 8783. doi: 10.3390/su14148783.
[2] S. Ahmad, O. Al-Amoudi, S. Khan, and M. Maslehuddin, “Effect of silica fume inclusion on the strength, shrinkage and durability characteristics of natural pozzolan-based cement concrete,” Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2022, Art. no. e01255. doi: 10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01255.
[3] A. Alqarni, “A comprehensive review on properties of sustainable concrete using volcanic pumice powder ash as a supplementary cementitious material,” Construction and Building Materials, 2022, Art. no. 126533. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126533.
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[5] M. Bameri, S. Rashidi, M. Mohammadhasani, M. Maghsoudi, H. Madani, and F. Rahmani, “Evaluation of mechanical and durability properties of eco-friendly concrete containing silica fume, waste glass powder, and ground granulated blast furnace slag,” Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2022, Art. no. 2730391. doi: 10.1155/2022/2730391.
[6] H. Hamada, F. Abed, S. Beddu, A. Humada, and A. Majdi, “Effect of volcanic ash and natural pozzolana on mechanical properties of sustainable cement concrete: A comprehensive review,” Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2023, Art. no. e02425. doi: 10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e02425.
[7] H. Hamada, F. Abed, H. Katman, A. Humada, M. Jawahery, A. Majdi, S. Yousif, and B. Thomas, “Effect of silica fume on the properties of sustainable cement concrete,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.05.147.
[8] H. Hu, Z. He, J. Shi, C. Liang, T. Shibro, B. Liu, and S. Yang, “Mechanical properties, drying shrinkage, and nano-scale characteristics of concrete prepared with zeolite powder pre-coated recycled aggregate,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 319, 2021, Art. no. 128710. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128710.
[9] S. Jagan and T. Neelakantan, “Effect of silica fume on the hardened and durability properties of concrete,” International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering, 2021. doi: 10.1556/1848.2020.00129.
[10] G. Kaplan, O. Bayraktar, B. Bayrak, O. Çelebi, B. Bodur, A. Oz, and A. Aydın, “Physico-mechanical, thermal insulation and resistance characteristics of diatomite and attapulgite based geopolymer foam concrete: Effect of different curing regimes,” Construction and Building Materials, 2023, Art. no. 130850. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.130850.
[11] K. Khan, M. Johari, M. Amin, and M. Nasir, “Development and evaluation of basaltic volcanic ash based high performance concrete incorporating metakaolin, micro and nano-silica,” Developments in the Built Environment, 2024, Art. no. 100330. doi: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100330.
[12] D. Kriptavičius, G. Girskas, E. Ivanauskas, and A. Korjakins, “Complex effect of Portland cement modified with natural zeolite and ground glass mixture on durability properties of concrete,” Buildings, vol. 13, no. 10, 2023. doi: 10.3390/buildings13102576.
[13] C. Li, G. Li, D. Chen, K. Gao, Y. Cao, Y. Zhou, Y. Mao, S. Fan, L. Tang, and H. Jia, “The effects of diatomite as an additive on the macroscopic properties and microstructure of concrete,” Materials, vol. 16, no. 5, 2023. doi: 10.3390/ma16051833.
[14] J. Liu, M. Hossain, D. Xuan, H. Ali, S. Ng, and H. Ye, “Mechanical and durability performance of sustainable concretes containing conventional and emerging supplementary cementitious materials,” Developments in the Built Environment, 2023, Art. no. 100197. doi: 10.1016/j.dibe.2023.100197.
[15] Z. Lv, C. Chen, Z. Tan, B. Hu, and J. Jin, “Establishment of strength evolution model and life prediction for diatomite-modified concrete under freeze-thaw conditions,” Construction and Building Materials, 2025, Art. no. 140049. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140049.
[16] O. Mohamed, O. Ghanam, A. Hamdan, M. Zuaiter, and T. Kim, “Mechanical properties and durability of concrete with recycled air-cooled blast furnace slag aggregates,” Scientific Reports, vol. 15, 2025. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09242-1.
[17] Z. Qu, Z. Liu, R. Si, and Y. Zhang, “Effect of various fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag content on concrete properties: Experiments and modelling,” Materials, vol. 15, no. 9, 2022. doi: 10.3390/ma15093016.
[18] M. Shekarchi, B. Ahmadi, F. Azarhomayun, B. Shafei, and M. Kioumarsi, “Natural zeolite as a supplementary cementitious material – A holistic review of main properties and applications,” Construction and Building Materials, 2023, Art. no. 133766. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.133766.
[19] J. Xi, J. Liu, K. Yang, S. Zhang, F. Han, J. Sha, and X. Zheng, “Role of silica fume on hydration and strength development of ultra-high performance concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, 2022, Art. no. 127600. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127600.
[20] H. Zhang, B. He, B. Zhao, and P. Monteiro, “Using diatomite as a partial replacement of cement for improving the performance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) – Effects and mechanism,” Construction and Building Materials, 2023, Art. no. 131518. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.131518.
[2] S. Ahmad, O. Al-Amoudi, S. Khan, and M. Maslehuddin, “Effect of silica fume inclusion on the strength, shrinkage and durability characteristics of natural pozzolan-based cement concrete,” Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2022, Art. no. e01255. doi: 10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01255.
[3] A. Alqarni, “A comprehensive review on properties of sustainable concrete using volcanic pumice powder ash as a supplementary cementitious material,” Construction and Building Materials, 2022, Art. no. 126533. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.126533.
[4] T. Ayano and T. Fujii, “Improvement of concrete properties using granulated blast furnace slag sand,” Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, vol. 19, 2021, pp. 118–129. doi: 10.3151/jact.19.118.
[5] M. Bameri, S. Rashidi, M. Mohammadhasani, M. Maghsoudi, H. Madani, and F. Rahmani, “Evaluation of mechanical and durability properties of eco-friendly concrete containing silica fume, waste glass powder, and ground granulated blast furnace slag,” Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 2022, Art. no. 2730391. doi: 10.1155/2022/2730391.
[6] H. Hamada, F. Abed, S. Beddu, A. Humada, and A. Majdi, “Effect of volcanic ash and natural pozzolana on mechanical properties of sustainable cement concrete: A comprehensive review,” Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2023, Art. no. e02425. doi: 10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e02425.
[7] H. Hamada, F. Abed, H. Katman, A. Humada, M. Jawahery, A. Majdi, S. Yousif, and B. Thomas, “Effect of silica fume on the properties of sustainable cement concrete,” Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.05.147.
[8] H. Hu, Z. He, J. Shi, C. Liang, T. Shibro, B. Liu, and S. Yang, “Mechanical properties, drying shrinkage, and nano-scale characteristics of concrete prepared with zeolite powder pre-coated recycled aggregate,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 319, 2021, Art. no. 128710. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.128710.
[9] S. Jagan and T. Neelakantan, “Effect of silica fume on the hardened and durability properties of concrete,” International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering, 2021. doi: 10.1556/1848.2020.00129.
[10] G. Kaplan, O. Bayraktar, B. Bayrak, O. Çelebi, B. Bodur, A. Oz, and A. Aydın, “Physico-mechanical, thermal insulation and resistance characteristics of diatomite and attapulgite based geopolymer foam concrete: Effect of different curing regimes,” Construction and Building Materials, 2023, Art. no. 130850. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.130850.
[11] K. Khan, M. Johari, M. Amin, and M. Nasir, “Development and evaluation of basaltic volcanic ash based high performance concrete incorporating metakaolin, micro and nano-silica,” Developments in the Built Environment, 2024, Art. no. 100330. doi: 10.1016/j.dibe.2024.100330.
[12] D. Kriptavičius, G. Girskas, E. Ivanauskas, and A. Korjakins, “Complex effect of Portland cement modified with natural zeolite and ground glass mixture on durability properties of concrete,” Buildings, vol. 13, no. 10, 2023. doi: 10.3390/buildings13102576.
[13] C. Li, G. Li, D. Chen, K. Gao, Y. Cao, Y. Zhou, Y. Mao, S. Fan, L. Tang, and H. Jia, “The effects of diatomite as an additive on the macroscopic properties and microstructure of concrete,” Materials, vol. 16, no. 5, 2023. doi: 10.3390/ma16051833.
[14] J. Liu, M. Hossain, D. Xuan, H. Ali, S. Ng, and H. Ye, “Mechanical and durability performance of sustainable concretes containing conventional and emerging supplementary cementitious materials,” Developments in the Built Environment, 2023, Art. no. 100197. doi: 10.1016/j.dibe.2023.100197.
[15] Z. Lv, C. Chen, Z. Tan, B. Hu, and J. Jin, “Establishment of strength evolution model and life prediction for diatomite-modified concrete under freeze-thaw conditions,” Construction and Building Materials, 2025, Art. no. 140049. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2025.140049.
[16] O. Mohamed, O. Ghanam, A. Hamdan, M. Zuaiter, and T. Kim, “Mechanical properties and durability of concrete with recycled air-cooled blast furnace slag aggregates,” Scientific Reports, vol. 15, 2025. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09242-1.
[17] Z. Qu, Z. Liu, R. Si, and Y. Zhang, “Effect of various fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag content on concrete properties: Experiments and modelling,” Materials, vol. 15, no. 9, 2022. doi: 10.3390/ma15093016.
[18] M. Shekarchi, B. Ahmadi, F. Azarhomayun, B. Shafei, and M. Kioumarsi, “Natural zeolite as a supplementary cementitious material – A holistic review of main properties and applications,” Construction and Building Materials, 2023, Art. no. 133766. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.133766.
[19] J. Xi, J. Liu, K. Yang, S. Zhang, F. Han, J. Sha, and X. Zheng, “Role of silica fume on hydration and strength development of ultra-high performance concrete,” Construction and Building Materials, 2022, Art. no. 127600. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.127600.
[20] H. Zhang, B. He, B. Zhao, and P. Monteiro, “Using diatomite as a partial replacement of cement for improving the performance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) – Effects and mechanism,” Construction and Building Materials, 2023, Art. no. 131518. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.131518.
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