Resumen
El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la evidencia científica sobre el trabajo colaborativo en estudiantes de educación básica, considerando sus aportes formativos, mediaciones pedagógicas y tecnológicas, y posibilidades de inclusión e innovación educativa. Se desarrolló una revisión sistemática de literatura con síntesis narrativa cualitativa, siguiendo las directrices PRISMA 2020. Se analizaron 20 investigaciones publicadas entre 2021 y 2026, cuyos hallazgos se organizaron en tres componentes temáticos. Los resultados identificaron aportes del trabajo colaborativo al rendimiento académico, la comprensión lectora, el pensamiento crítico y las habilidades comunicativas y socioemocionales. Asimismo, destacaron la importancia de la planificación docente, la participación equitativa y la integración pedagógica de tecnologías digitales. Se concluye que el trabajo colaborativo constituye una estrategia formativa relevante, cuya efectividad depende de la mediación pedagógica y las características del contexto educativo.
Citas
[1] K. Peña Rañileo, A. Ponce Godoi, D. Montecinos Herrera, D. Torres Reinoso, P. Catalán Montiel, and C. Villagra Bravo, "Comprensión de textos escritos a través del trabajo colaborativo en la educación básica," Revista de Estudios y Experiencias en Educación, vol. 20, no. 43, pp. 455–475, 2021, doi: 10.21703/rexe.20212043pena24.
[2] L. A. Menacho, "Estrategias colaborativas: aprendizaje compartido para el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora en estudiantes de educación primaria," Praxis Educativa, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 243–258, 2021, doi: 10.19137/praxiseducativa-2021-250314.
[3] M. Palau-Pamies, S. García-Martínez, A. Ferriz-Valero, and J. Tortosa-Martínez, "Impact of cooperative learning on physical education in basic psychological needs," Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, vol. 22, no. 88, pp. 787–806, 2022, doi: 10.15366/rimcafd2022.88.005.
[4] X. Du, C. Chen, and H. Lin, "The impact of working memory capacity on collaborative learning in elementary school students," Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 13, p. 1027523, 2022, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1027523.
[5] S. Ullah, M. Khatoon, M. M. Abbas, F. R. Chaudhery, M. F. Kaleem, and M. Akhtar, "Effect of collaborative learning on elementary school students' academic achievement in science," Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, vol. 50, no. 10, 2023, doi: 10.55463/issn.1674-2974.50.10.23.
[6] A. N. P. Cagatan and E. A. Quirap, "Collaborative learning and learners' academic performance," International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1326–1335, 2024, doi: 10.47191/ijmra/v7-i03-57.
[7] O. Clipa and B.-N. Caramida, "Effectiveness of collaborative learning in the educational process," Revista Românească pentru Educație Multidimensională, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 442–459, 2024, doi: 10.18662/rrem/16.4/923.
[8] H. M. Fauziyyah, P. D. Iswara, W. Sopandi, and A. Sujana, "Collaboration and communication skills of elementary school students' in Indonesian language learning through RADEC," Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 182–193, 2024, doi: 10.31949/jcp.v10i2.7997.
[9] S. Sakhi and F. Ajmal, "Effect of collaborative learning on academic achievement of primary school students in Islamabad," Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 250–259, 2025, doi: 10.55737/qjssh.vi-iv.25422.
[10] N. F. B. Purnalyta, N. D. Ariyanti, M. C. Dewi, and D. Z. Tarsidi, "TGT for student collaboration in elementary school Pancasila education: An effective solution or just an alternative?" Cakrawala: Journal of Citizenship Teaching and Learning, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 169–178, 2024, doi: 10.70489/x65kdw98.
[11] D. Sun, F. Ouyang, Y. Li, and H. Chen, "Three contrasting pairs' collaborative programming processes in China's secondary education," Journal of Educational Computing Research, vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 740–762, 2021, doi: 10.1177/0735633120973430.
[12] X. Han, Y. Liu, H. Li, Z. Fan, and H. Luo, "Promoting collaborative innovation and disciplinary integration in maker education through augmented reality: A design-based research," International Journal of Innovation and Learning, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 307–329, 2022, doi: 10.1504/IJIL.2022.122066.
[13] N. Michailidis, E. Kapravelos, and T. Tsiatsos, "Examining the effect of interaction analysis on supporting students' motivation and learning strategies in online blog-based secondary education programming courses," Interactive Learning Environments, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 665–676, 2022, doi: 10.1080/10494820.2019.1678487.
[14] B. Tangney, K. Sullivan, and J. Lawlor, "Online collaborative PBL—The Bridge21 approach," Computers and Education Open, vol. 7, p. 100224, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.caeo.2024.100224.
[15] A. Maksum et al., "Social presence in digital classrooms: Fostering collaboration and peer interaction in primary education," Social Sciences & Humanities Open, vol. 12, p. 101795, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101795.
[16] L. Schulz, A. Kürzinger, and T. Böttinger, "Communication and collaboration in digital learning environments in elementary schools: Findings from a videographic research project," Learning Environments Research, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 271–287, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s10984-025-09537-0.
[17] S. Nahar, Suhendri, Zailani, and Hardivizon, "Improving students' collaboration thinking skill under the implementation of the quantum teaching model," International Journal of Instruction, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 451–464, 2022, doi: 10.29333/iji.2022.15325a.
[18] K. L. Verdezoto, A. Medina-León, E. E. Hurtado-Mora, and R. E. Sáenz-Espín, "Sistema de actividades para el trabajo colaborativo en lengua y literatura: cuarto año de básica," Atenas, no. 61, pp. 1–13, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://atenas.umcc.cu/index.php/atenas/article/view/875
[19] D. M. Toalombo de la Cruz, A. A. Cevallos Goyes, and L. G. Toalombo de la Cruz, "El trabajo colaborativo en el aprendizaje del área de ciencias naturales de estudiantes de sexto grado," Revista InveCom, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–17, 2025, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.10892234.
[20] B. I. Sappaile, M. M. Mokay, D. Supendi, M. H. Smas, and R. Rais, "Analysis of the effectiveness of collaborative learning in enhancing academic achievement in junior high schools," International Journal of Educational Research Excellence, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 225–231, 2025, doi: 10.55299/ijere.v4i1.925.
[2] L. A. Menacho, "Estrategias colaborativas: aprendizaje compartido para el desarrollo de la comprensión lectora en estudiantes de educación primaria," Praxis Educativa, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 243–258, 2021, doi: 10.19137/praxiseducativa-2021-250314.
[3] M. Palau-Pamies, S. García-Martínez, A. Ferriz-Valero, and J. Tortosa-Martínez, "Impact of cooperative learning on physical education in basic psychological needs," Revista Internacional de Medicina y Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte, vol. 22, no. 88, pp. 787–806, 2022, doi: 10.15366/rimcafd2022.88.005.
[4] X. Du, C. Chen, and H. Lin, "The impact of working memory capacity on collaborative learning in elementary school students," Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 13, p. 1027523, 2022, doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1027523.
[5] S. Ullah, M. Khatoon, M. M. Abbas, F. R. Chaudhery, M. F. Kaleem, and M. Akhtar, "Effect of collaborative learning on elementary school students' academic achievement in science," Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences, vol. 50, no. 10, 2023, doi: 10.55463/issn.1674-2974.50.10.23.
[6] A. N. P. Cagatan and E. A. Quirap, "Collaborative learning and learners' academic performance," International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1326–1335, 2024, doi: 10.47191/ijmra/v7-i03-57.
[7] O. Clipa and B.-N. Caramida, "Effectiveness of collaborative learning in the educational process," Revista Românească pentru Educație Multidimensională, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 442–459, 2024, doi: 10.18662/rrem/16.4/923.
[8] H. M. Fauziyyah, P. D. Iswara, W. Sopandi, and A. Sujana, "Collaboration and communication skills of elementary school students' in Indonesian language learning through RADEC," Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 182–193, 2024, doi: 10.31949/jcp.v10i2.7997.
[9] S. Sakhi and F. Ajmal, "Effect of collaborative learning on academic achievement of primary school students in Islamabad," Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 250–259, 2025, doi: 10.55737/qjssh.vi-iv.25422.
[10] N. F. B. Purnalyta, N. D. Ariyanti, M. C. Dewi, and D. Z. Tarsidi, "TGT for student collaboration in elementary school Pancasila education: An effective solution or just an alternative?" Cakrawala: Journal of Citizenship Teaching and Learning, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 169–178, 2024, doi: 10.70489/x65kdw98.
[11] D. Sun, F. Ouyang, Y. Li, and H. Chen, "Three contrasting pairs' collaborative programming processes in China's secondary education," Journal of Educational Computing Research, vol. 59, no. 4, pp. 740–762, 2021, doi: 10.1177/0735633120973430.
[12] X. Han, Y. Liu, H. Li, Z. Fan, and H. Luo, "Promoting collaborative innovation and disciplinary integration in maker education through augmented reality: A design-based research," International Journal of Innovation and Learning, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 307–329, 2022, doi: 10.1504/IJIL.2022.122066.
[13] N. Michailidis, E. Kapravelos, and T. Tsiatsos, "Examining the effect of interaction analysis on supporting students' motivation and learning strategies in online blog-based secondary education programming courses," Interactive Learning Environments, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 665–676, 2022, doi: 10.1080/10494820.2019.1678487.
[14] B. Tangney, K. Sullivan, and J. Lawlor, "Online collaborative PBL—The Bridge21 approach," Computers and Education Open, vol. 7, p. 100224, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.caeo.2024.100224.
[15] A. Maksum et al., "Social presence in digital classrooms: Fostering collaboration and peer interaction in primary education," Social Sciences & Humanities Open, vol. 12, p. 101795, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2025.101795.
[16] L. Schulz, A. Kürzinger, and T. Böttinger, "Communication and collaboration in digital learning environments in elementary schools: Findings from a videographic research project," Learning Environments Research, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 271–287, 2025, doi: 10.1007/s10984-025-09537-0.
[17] S. Nahar, Suhendri, Zailani, and Hardivizon, "Improving students' collaboration thinking skill under the implementation of the quantum teaching model," International Journal of Instruction, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 451–464, 2022, doi: 10.29333/iji.2022.15325a.
[18] K. L. Verdezoto, A. Medina-León, E. E. Hurtado-Mora, and R. E. Sáenz-Espín, "Sistema de actividades para el trabajo colaborativo en lengua y literatura: cuarto año de básica," Atenas, no. 61, pp. 1–13, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://atenas.umcc.cu/index.php/atenas/article/view/875
[19] D. M. Toalombo de la Cruz, A. A. Cevallos Goyes, and L. G. Toalombo de la Cruz, "El trabajo colaborativo en el aprendizaje del área de ciencias naturales de estudiantes de sexto grado," Revista InveCom, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 1–17, 2025, doi: 10.5281/zenodo.10892234.
[20] B. I. Sappaile, M. M. Mokay, D. Supendi, M. H. Smas, and R. Rais, "Analysis of the effectiveness of collaborative learning in enhancing academic achievement in junior high schools," International Journal of Educational Research Excellence, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 225–231, 2025, doi: 10.55299/ijere.v4i1.925.
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